出油阀磨损检验的必要性及其检验工具

译文：
在柴油机燃油系的三对偶件中，喷油器偶件有专门的喷油嘴检测器检验其性能，供油柱塞偶件可通过旋转油泵凸轮轴（高压油管及喷油嘴接上）而凭手感即可知道偶件好坏，无须解体检测，只有出油阀无法检测，在油泵校试时，一般只校试其开启压力，至于其单向密封性、减压环密封性能则无法检验，由此给燃油系的故障诊断和维修工作带来很多困难。 在修校油泵时经常有用户诉说其柴油机工作粗暴、转速不稳和低速敲缸声严重，但喷油器雾化良好、柴油机其他部分正常，因而怀疑高压油泵油问题而送修。在检查油泵时其供油时间、调速器、供油柱塞的密封性、出油阀开启压力等均正常，柱塞套定位螺钉和柱塞调节齿圈锁紧螺钉及出油阀座均未松动，只是个别缸油量明显偏高。如果将偏高缸油量调到正常值，往往故障依旧。如果在油量调整之前将油量偏高缸的出油阀换新，则故障可全部排除，为什么呢？ 众所周知，出油阀是一个单向阀，其作用是保证柴油达到一定压力时才进入高压油管，同时又可防止高压柴油从高压油管倒流入喷油泵，并且在每次供油终了时，其减压环带能迅速地将高压油管内柴油压力降低，促使喷油器迅速断油以防后滴。如果出油阀减压环带与阀座配合间隙过大，则其减压效果变差，高压油管内残余压力比正常值高。这样，当共有柱塞向上压油时，一方面出油阀往上升，另一方面柴油越过减压环带与出油阀座间的过大间隙顶开锥面直接进入高压油管，这实际上相当于使供油始点提前。如果我们在调试油泵时只将相应缸供油量调少，则虽然解决了各缸油量不均问题，但原来供油偏多缸仍然较其他缸提前供油，因此柴油机故障不能彻底解决，由此看出对出油阀的检测室非常必要的。 因为，我们在诊断燃油系故障时，不要只把眼光放在调速器与供油柱塞及喷油嘴上，在修校油泵时，务必要注意检查出油阀的质量，否则就会使问题复杂化，甚至无法解决。然而目前缺乏检查出油阀质量的设备，修理厂多用压力表接到高压油管接头上检查柱塞质量的同时检查出油阀质量，但这只能检验出油阀锥体的密封性，而无法测知其减压环带与阀座的配合质量。为此，我们试制了一种简单实用的出油阀质量检验工具，给维修工作带来很多方便，现推荐如下。使用时，先将出油阀装入夹具，然后将管接头1与喷油嘴试验器上的油管接通，借助喷油嘴试验器建立油压即可。根据我们的使用维修经验，要求： 锥形密封性能：压力自21MPa降到1.5MPa的时间不少于50s，否则需要研磨密封锥面。 减压环带密封性能：先用螺钉将出油阀自阀座顶起0.3mm，压力自21MPa降至2MPa的时间不短于3s，否则报废。

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原文：
Department of diesel fuel in the three pairs of dual event, the fuel injector nozzle even pieces have a special detector to test its performance, fuel plunger pump through the rotating camshaft (high-pressure oil and fuel injector connected) On the basis of touch you can know that even pieces of good and bad, without the disintegration of testing, only a valve can not be detected in the pump test, when the school is generally only the pressure of the school to open it again, as its one-way sealing, vacuum sealing ring can not be tested by the this to the fuel system fault WA42C blanced bellows spring loaded safety valvediagnosis and maintenance work has brought many difficulties. In the revised school pumps often work with customers to tell their diesel crude, speed instability and low-speed Knocking sound serious, but the fuel injector atomization well, other parts of the diesel engine to normal, and therefore suspect that the problem of high-pressure oil pump repair. When checking the oil pump time, governor, fuel plunger seal, a valve opening pressure Dengjun normal positioning plunger set screw and plunger adjustment locking screw ring gear and a oil valve seat are is not loose, but is significantly higher than the individual cylinder fuel. If the high-cylinder fuel transferred to normal, often fail still. If the fuel oil before adjusting the high cylinder filling valve new ones, then the fault will be fully ruled out, why? As we all know, the oil valve is a one-way valve, and its role is to ensure that when diesel fuel reaches a certain pressure into the high-pressure tubing, at the same time prevents the high-pressure diesel fuel injection pump flows down from the high-pressure tubing, and the end of each oil, its reduction pressure ring can quickly reduce high-pressure tubing to contain diesel oil pressure, prompting the oil injector to prevent post-drop off rapidly. If a decompression valve and valve seat ring with the gap is too large, then the decompression effects of variation, residual pressure within the high-pressure pipe higher than normal. Thus, when a total of plunger upward pressure oil on the one hand a valve to the increase in diesel fuel over the other hand, decompression valveA44C Type Pound-Grade Full Lift Spring Loaded Safety Valve seat ring and out of the oil is too large gap between the top open-cone direct access to high-pressure pipeline, which in fact starting point is equivalent to oil in advance. If we are debugging the corresponding pump cylinder when the only transfer a small amount of oil, although it solved the problem of uneven fuel each cylinder, but the original oil tank is still the high side compared to other oil tanks in advance, so diesel engine fault can not be completely resolved, thus see that right out of the oil valve testing room is necessary. Because we in the diagnosis of fuel system failure, not only the sights on the governor and the oil plunger and the nozzle on the pump when the school had received, be sure to check out the valve should pay attention to the quality, otherwise theWA44C blanced bellows spring loaded safety valve problem complicated, or even can not be solved. However, there is a lack of checking out the quality of the oil valve equipment, repair shop received a high-pressure multi-purpose pressure gauge tubing connector at the same time check the quality of the plunger valve check out the quality, but only testing out the valve cone seal, which can not be Measuring know-decompression valve seat ring and matching quality. To this end, we have a simple and practical trial out of the oil valve quality inspection tool, to bring a lot of easy maintenance work, are recommended as follows. Use, the first valve into a jig, and then the tube connector 1 with the fuel injector tester on the tubing connected, through the establishment of hydraulic injector tester can be. According to our experience in the use of maintenance, requirements: Cone sealing performance: pressure from 21MPa down to not less than 1.5MPa time 50s, otherwise there should be sealed grinding cone. Decompression ring sealing performance: first with the screw will come out jack up the oil valve from the valve seat 0.3mm, the pressure from 21MPa down 2MPa time not less than 3s, or scrapped.