阀门国产化装备达国际水平

译文：
中国石化非常重视国产化工作，从1987年中石化国产化领导小组就已经成立了，我们国产化办公室在领导小组的领导下做一些具体的工作。今天我讲的主要有四方面的内容：一是重大装备国产化目前的现状。 经过20多年的国产化攻关，中国石油化工国产化装备水平显著提升，基本实现了关键、重大装备的国产化，为石油化工行业的发展提供了有力的保证。炼油装置国产化率在90%以上，2008年投产的青岛千万吨炼油国产化率达到92%。炼油装置主要的关键装备都实现了国产化，像加氢的反应器、千吨的实现国产化，大型PX的板壳式换热器达到1万平米，催化裂化主风机、烟气轮等都实现了国产化。 乙烯装置国产化率达到70%，百万吨乙烯国产化率天津下个月就要开工，国产化率在74%，镇海下个月开工大概在76.4%，其中镇海乙烯装置达到78%。2007年国家核准的时候给中石化下的任务是国产化率达到53%，我们现在已经完成了这个任务。 乙烯装置中的关键设备都国产化了，比如百万吨级乙烯裂解气压缩机、百万吨乙烯冷箱实现国产化，10万吨的裂解炉现在已经做到了15万吨，大型压缩机也实现了国产化，大型关壳式换热器实现了12000平米。化肥装置中合成氨塔等已经国产化。 合纤原料装置PTA氧化器等实现国产化。在莲花公用工程及材料中10万立方米和15万立方米大型原油储罐实现国产化，在建镇海原油储备库的时候就要求我们把这个原油罐钢板国产化，为战略储备库创造了好条件。2000立方米的低温乙烯球罐在建设过程中外国人掐我们脖子，而在镇海和天津我们把它国产化了。长输X70、X80的管线钢，特别是炼油装置的DCS在前年以前几乎全部是进口的，从前年开始，我们开始抓DCS国产化，现在炼油中的500万吨级炼油装置DCS已经完全国产化。 通过近30年（1987年开始）的不懈努力，通过国产化攻关，我们形成了一套行之有效的联合攻关体系。形成了一支实力较强、专业配套的攻关研发人才队伍；形成了一批骨干企业。我们在1987年在做加氢反映器国产化时厂房还是四面敞口的厂房，沈阳鼓风机厂是世界最大的压缩机厂。通过国产化石油石化行业节省了大量的投资，我们初步核算一下，在“九五”、“十五”期间为中国石化节省投资50亿人民币，在“十一五”节省了20亿人民币。 在国产化上我们坚持“积极、稳妥、先进、可靠”的国产化方针，在态度上我们要积极，工作上要风险分散可控，采取逐步渐进的措施，在技术上要追求先进性和可靠性。主要的做法是依托中国石化重点工程项目，通过重点工程项目，找到攻关的设备，通过产学研用相结合，并且主要通过自主开发，我们还通过经贸结合、合作设计、合作制造等方式国产化。我们中国石化特别重视国产化成果的评估，只要实现了国产化的设备中国石化都不再进口。 二、国产化面临的机遇和挑战由于这次会议给我安排的题目是振兴规划下重大装备国产化的工作思路。我想这是一个机遇，这个机遇就是国家振兴石化产业的规划出台，在这个规划中明确提出“要在‘十一五’期间建设六套炼油、八套乙烯装置，要形成20个千万吨级的炼油基地，11个百万吨级的乙烯基地”。 中国石化2009年在石油石化的投资2164亿元人民币，其中股份公司1202亿（主要是国内市场，还有一些在海外市场上）。2010年中国石化股份公司投资1215亿，和去年国内部分基本持平，因为投资巨大我们还有大量的需求。比如在炼油板块，我们大概需要关键设备4180台，其中包括反映器、换热器、压缩机等等。 装备制造业通过20多年的发展，现在的水平已经突飞猛进。最近几年，拿水压机举例，上学时万吨水压机是课本上必须要读的文章，最近几年国内水压机15000吨最近几年在一重、二重、上重和洛阳等地都建成头长，大型卷板机现在最大可以卷到230厚，大型数控中心每个厂都有大量的数控加工中心，还有大量先进的检验检测手段。 当然我们也面临着一系列的挑战，首先就是装备的大型化，现在我们要建炼油厂一建基本上都是千万吨以上的，中海油在贵州建的1200多吨的，加氢裂化建到400万吨，连续重整建到200万吨，乙烯基本上是100万吨级的。 由于装置大型化带来设备的大型化，我们现在青岛的减压塔直径12米，焦炭塔直径10米，加氢反映器最近定的是直径4.4米，板壳式换热器在2002年攻关目标是5000平米，现在我们已经做出了10000平米了，刚才讲到了管壳式换热器国产化达到了15000平。 由于设备的大型化带来了很多的问题，比如设计，国内的制造已经涵盖不了我们的需求，包括热处理、机加工以及焊接等等，运输更有问题了，这么大直径的运输给我们带来了很大的问题，所以现场组焊技术应运而生，并且得到了成熟的应用。大型装备停了以后损失巨大。 三、中国石化国产化下一步的主要目标和任务。根据目前我们所制定的“十二五”规划，我们的目标一是国产化率炼油装置争取在“十二五”末达到95%以上，百万吨乙烯国产化率争取达到85%以上；二是着力提升国产化装备水平，实现从无到有实现从有到精转变；三是壮大装备由国产化实现国际化。 首先我们要积极组织国产化攻关，现在我们正在组织攻关的大型挤压造粒机大概在这个月或者下个月就要投入试用，根据情况进一步改进，下一步我们要攻关30万吨挤压造粒机。大型化工装置的DCS，现在500万吨炼油已经实现了国产化，下一步要在乙烯装置上实现DCS的国产化，最近我们在醋酸乙烯上已经开始采用中国的DCS。大型PTA的空压机组我们也正在组织攻关，乙烯装置中大型循环压缩机也准备在下一步实现国产化。超大活塞力四列往复式氢气压缩机两列已经攻关成功，现在正在组织四列的125吨活塞力氢气压缩机的公关。石油石化的特种阀门也要大量进口，高温、高压、含固体、低温大型球阀等等我们也要组织攻关，现在在乙烯上我们把高温阀门国产化了。 下一步要进行加氢装置的高压阀门。还有大型管道泵和天然气压缩机，在这方面我们做了一些国产化攻关，但是效果不是特别好，下面我们还要积极组织管道的国产化攻关。还有大型特种流程泵，像乙烯的低温泵、特种进料泵、特种剂量泵进口量还比较大，我们也要积极组织攻关。 二是要组织专项攻关，实现从“有”到“精”的转变，中国石油石化装备几乎都可以国产化了，但是水平上还有些差距，对一些净设备能耗高、成本高还有很多不足，我们要积极组织攻关，努力使国产化装备水平达到国际先进水平。比如我们对裂解压缩机100万吨在两套装备上都实现了，但是和国际水平还有一些差距，比如茂名振动正常运行20μ到30μ，噪音我们测了一下也比较大，超过100分贝，在百万吨乙烯上我们组织了12个专项攻关，现在效果已经显现出来，在天津百万吨乙烯的裂解压缩机振动只有15米欧以上。 三是重大装备的国产化出路在国际化。经过20多年近30年的不懈努力，中国的石油化工装备水平已经可以满足石油化工行业的需求，包括主要行业周期的比例，从这个图中我们可以看到我们的大部分装置实现了三年一修，我还举了一个指标是能耗密度指数，中石化我举了500万吨以上的炼油厂，我们取了亚太60个炼油厂、日本的20个炼油厂做了一个对比，2008年中国石化能耗密度指数83.55，亚太平均水平90.9，日本的平均水平90.6，可以看出我们中国石化炼油装置的能耗指标还是优于亚洲平均水平的，也优于日本的平均水平。我举这两个例子就是说明中国的石化炼油厂国产化率90%左右，运行周期和能耗指标反映了我们装备的水平和可靠度还是不错的。所以可以说中国的石油石化装备满足了石油石化发展的需要。 另外，国外的石油石化公司也逐渐认可了中国的石油石化装备，几乎国外所有大型石油石化公司都在中国成立了采购机构代表处，或者委托国内机构在进行采购，他们也提高了在中国采购的比例。同时，国内制造企业也在大力推进装备的出口。国外石油石化企业以及国际上的石油化工工程公司在中国采购时，前期准备工作充分，重视质保体系运行，过程监控严密，文件资料完整，验收把关严格。如果我们管理的装备制造企业通过出口适应了要求，将会全面提升中国石油化工制造企业的水平，进而促进国产化水平的提高。我们公司也在大力推进国产化设备的出口。 几点建议： 一是国内石油化工装备制造企业要抓住机遇，配合中国石化，足球强有力的攻关队伍，完成尚未实现国产化的石化装备的攻关。 二是尽管绝大部分石油化工装备实现国产化，但其水平与国外先进水平相比仍有一定差距，希望石油化工装备制造企业继续努力，要赶超世界先进水平。 三是建议国家采取信贷支持、研发支持和出口补贴等各种措施，加大支持高技术含量、高附加值、资源消耗少的石油石化装备出口。

“ Valve equipped with international standard localization ”是由中国气动阀门网提供的国际阀门新闻，译文仅供参考。另外，中国气动阀门网还提供相关产品搜索：气动阀门型号、气动阀门价格、气动阀门技术、气动阀门新闻、气动阀门生产商等。

原文：
China attaches great importance to localization of Sinopec, Sinopec in 1987 on the localization of the Leading Group has been established, and we made the Office of the Leading Group under the leadership to do some concrete work. Today I am talking about are mainly four aspects: First, localization of major equipment, the status quo. After 20 years of domestic-oriented research, China Petroleum & Chemical localization significantly improve the level of equipment, basically realized the key to the localization of major equipment for the petrochemical industry's development has provided a powerful guarantee. Oil refining equipment localization rate of 90% over 2008 production 10 million tons refinery in Qingdao localization rate toButterfly Valves reach 92%. The key oil refinery equipment have achieved domestically, such as hydrogenation reactor, 1000 tons of the realization of domestic and large-scale PX's plate-shell heat exchanger up to 1 million square meters, FCC Main Air Blower, flue gas rounds and so on achieve localization. Ethylene plant localization rate of 70% localization rate of 1 million tons of ethylene is necessary to begin next month in Tianjin, the localization rate of 74%, Zhenhai start next month, probably in 76.4%, of which Zhenhai ethylene unit up to 78%. In 2007, when the State approved under Sinopec given the task of localization rate to reach 53%, we now have completed this task. Ethylene plant in the localization of key equipment, such as ethylene cracking megaton air compressors, millions of tons of ethylene cold box to achieve localization of the 10 million tons of cracking furnace has now been done by 15 million tons, also achieved a large compressor localization, large-scale off-shell heat exchanger to achieve a 12,000 square meters. Synthetic ammonia fertilizer plant in Tajikistan, have already localization. PTA oxidation plant fiber raw materials, etc. to achieve localization. In the Lotus Public Works and materials 100,000 cubic meters and 150,000 cubic meters of large crude oil storage tank to achieve localization Zhenhai oil reserve base under construction when we are required to this localization of the original steel tank for the strategic reserve to create a good library conditions. 2000 cubic meters of low-temperature ethylene spherical pinch in the construction process of foreigners around their necks, while in Zhenhai and Tianjin, we call it the localization of. Long-distance X70, X80 of the pipeline steel, especially in oil refining device two years ago, before the DCS almost all are imported, from the year before last, we began to grasp the localization DCS, and now the five million-ton oil refinery in the oil refining unit has been completely made of DCS . Through nearly 30 years (since 1987) for its tireless efforts, through localization of research, we have formed a set of effective system of joint research. Formed a stronger, professional research supporting R & D personnel; the formation of a number of backbone enterprises. We are doing hydrogenation in 1987 to reflect the localization device when the plant is still surrounded by exposure of the plant, Shenyang Blower Works is the world's largest compressor plant. Through domestic production of oil and petrochemical industries save a lot of investment, we look at the initial accounting in the "95", "15" period for the China Petrochemical savings invested in 50 billion yuan in the "Eleventh Five-Year" saved over 20 billion yuan. In the localization, we adhere to the "positive, safe and advanced, reliable" in the localization policy, in terms of attitude we have to be active and work to control risk diversification, taking a gradual measures to be pursued in the technically advanced and reliable sex. The main approach is to rely on China's Sinopec and major projects, by focusing on projects, to find research equipment, by combining production and research use, and mainly through independent development, we have also adopted the trade and economic integration of the design, co-localization of manufacturing, and other means. Our special attention to localization of Sinopec assessment of the outcome, as long as the equipment to Globe Valves achieve a localization of Sinopec are no longer imported. Second, localization of the opportunities and challenges faced by me because of this meeting is to revitalize the subject of the planning arrangements for major equipment under the localization of work plans. I think this is an opportunity, this opportunity is a national revitalization planning introduction of the petrochemical industry, in this plan clearly stated, "To the 'Eleventh Five-Year' during the construction of six sets of oil refining, eight sets of ethylene, to form a 20 million-ton oil refining bases, 11 megaton ethylene base. " Sinopec in 2009 in Petroleum and Petrochemical Investment 216.4 billion yuan, of which 120.2 billion stock companies (mainly the domestic market, there are some in overseas markets). 2010 China Petrochemical companies to invest 121.5 billion, and basically the same as last year in part because of the huge investment we have a huge demand. For example, in the refining segment, we need about 4,180 sets of key equipment, including a reflecting device, heat exchanger, compressor and so on. Equipment manufacturing by 20 years of development, the current level has by leaps and bounds. In recent years, holding hydraulic press example, school textbooks million tons of hydraulic pressure machine is a must to read the article, in recent years, 15,000 tons of domestic hydraulic press in recent years in a weight, two weight, the weight and Luoyang and other places have built head length, large-scale Rolling is now the largest volume to 230 can be thick, large-scale numerical control center of each plant has a large number of CNC machining centers, as well as a large number of advanced inspection and testing methods. Of course, we also faced with a number of challenges, starting with large-scale equipment, and now we have to build an oil refinery built is basically more than 10 million tons, CNOOC built more than 1.2 thousand tons in Guizhou, and built into the hydrocracking 4 million tons, continuous re-built to 200 million tons of ethylene is essentially one million ton. As the device brings large-scale large-scale equipment, we are now in Qingdao vacuum tower diameter of 12 meters, 10 meters in diameter coke tower, hydrogenation reflect the latest set of device diameter of 4.4 meters, PSHE research in 2002, goal is 5000 square meters, and now we have made a 10,000 square meters, and has just mentioned the shell and tube heat exchangers made up of over 15,000-ping. Because of the large-scale equipment, has brought a lot of issues, such as design and domestic manufacturing has been unable to cover our needs, including heat treatment, machining and welding, etc., transportation a more serious problem, such a large diameter transportation has brought us a big problem, on-site welding technology has emerged and has been a mature application. After stopping the loss of large equipment, great. Third, China's Sinopec localization of the main objectives and tasks for the next step. Based on the current we have developed a "Shier Wu" planning, we aim to strive for first, localization rate of oil refining equipment, "Shier Wu," at the end to reach more than 95% localization rate of 1 million tons of ethylene strive to reach more than 85%; second is efforts to enhance the localization level of equipment, to achieve something out of nothing from a have-to-fine change; third is growing by the localization of equipment to achieve internationalization. First, we should actively organize localization research, and now we are organizing a large-scale extrusion granulator research probably be invested in this month or next month trial, according to further improve the situation, the next step we have to research made 300,000 tons extrusion tablets machines. Large-scale chemical plant DCS, now 5 million tons refinery localization has been achieved, the next step in the ethylene plant to be implemented on the localization of DCS, at a recent vinyl acetate have started to use China's DCS. PTA group of a large air compressor and we are organizing research, large-scale ethylene plant in the circulating compressor is also prepared to achieve localization in the next step. Super-strength four reciprocating piston compressor two hydrogen research has been successful, now being organized four of the 125 tons of hydrogen compressor piston power of public relations. Petrochemical must import large quantities of specialty valves, high temperature, high pressure, with solid, low-temperature valve, and so we have to organize large-scale research, and now we have vinyl on the localization of high-temperature valves. Next step is to conduct high-pressure hydrogenation unit valves. There are a large pipeline pumps and gas compressors, and in this regard, we have done some localization research, but the results are not particularly good, here we have to actively organize the localization of research pipelines. There are a large specialty process pumps, cryogenic pumps such as ethylene, special feeding pumps, specialty pumps dose import volume is still relatively large, we have to actively organize research. The second is to organize a special research, from a "yes" to the "spirit" of the changes in China petroleum and petrochemical equipment made of almost all OK, but the level still some gaps, for some equipment, the net energy costs here are high there are many insufficient, we should actively organize research efforts to make the localization level of equipment reached the international advanced level. For instance, we compressors 1 million tons of cracking in the two sets of equipment, are achieved, and the international level, but there are some gaps, such as the normal operation of Maoming vibration 20μ to 30μ, the noise we have measured a moment is relatively large, more than 100 decibels, and in 1 million tons of ethylene, we organized 12 special research, and now has yielded good results out of millions of tons of ethylene in Tianjin Compressor vibration cracking more than just 15 Miou. Third, the localization of major equipment outlets in the international. After more than 20 years, nearly 30 years of unremitting efforts, China's petrochemical industry has been the level of equipment to meet the needs of the petrochemical industry, including major proportion of the industry cycle, from this figure, we can see thatSafety valves most of our installations to achieve a three-year one repair, I also gave an indicator is the energy density index, Sinopec I will give over 500 million tons of oil refineries, and we took the 60 refineries in the Asia-Pacific, Japan's 20 refineries have made a comparison, in 2008 China fossil energy density index 83.55, Asia-Pacific average of 90.9, Japan, the average level of 90.6, you can see that we Sinopec's refining unit energy consumption indicator is still better than the Asian average, and also better than the Japanese average. I cite these two examples is to explain China's petrochemical refinery, about 90% localization rate, run-cycle and energy consumption indicators reflect the level of our equipment, and reliability is good. Therefore, it can be said of China's petroleum and petrochemical equipment to meet the needs of the development of the petroleum and petrochemical. In addition, the foreign petroleum and petrochemical companies have gradually recognized China's oil and petrochemical equipment, almost all major foreign petroleum and petrochemical companies have set up a procurement agencies in China, representative offices, or entrust the procurement of domestic organizations, they also increased the purchasing in China ratio. At the same time, domestic manufacturers are also vigorously promoting the export of equipment. Foreign oil and petrochemical enterprises, as well as the international petrochemical engineering company in China for procurement preparatory work full attention to quality and system operation, process monitoring closely, documentation integrity, and acceptance to ensure strict. If we manage to export the equipment manufacturing enterprises adapted to the requirements, will be fully enhance the China Petroleum and Chemical manufacturing level, thus contributing to raising the level of domestic production. Our company is also vigorously promote the export of domestically-oriented devices. Some suggestions: First, the domestic petrochemical equipment manufacturing enterprises should seize the opportunity to meet China's Sinopec, football strong research team, has not yet achieved the completion of the localization of petrochemical equipment research. Second, despite the vast majority of petrochemical equipment to achieve localization, but its level, compared with foreign advanced level there is still a certain gap between the hope that petrochemical equipment manufacturing enterprises to continue their efforts to catch up with the world advanced level. Third, the state has adopted the proposed credit support, research and development support and export subsidies and other measures to increase support for high-tech, high added value, resource consumption, less exports of petroleum and petrochemical equipment.